Polynucleotides, Simply Explained
If you're looking to improve tired, crepey, or dull-looking skin without "changing your face," you've probably come across polynucleotides. They are an injectable treatment, but they are not fillers. Rather than adding volume, polynucleotides gradually encourage the skin to repair and renew itself.
What Are They, Really?
Polynucleotides (sometimes referred to as PDRN, although the two terms are not strictly identical) are purified DNA fragments, most commonly derived from salmon or trout.
This may sound surprising, but there is a scientific reason for it. The DNA of these species is highly biocompatible with the human body and is generally very well tolerated. Once injected into the skin, polynucleotides act as biological signals that stimulate fibroblasts, the cells responsible for producing collagen, elastin, and other components essential to healthy skin.
Why Do They Need to Be Injected?
Polynucleotides only work when they reach the deeper layers of the skin. The molecules are too large to effectively penetrate the skin barrier when applied as a cream or serum.
For this reason, the treatment is delivered through injections into the dermis or, in some cases, through microneedling. This allows skin cells to interact directly with the polynucleotides and activate the desired regenerative processes.
What Can They Improve?
Polynucleotides are primarily used to improve overall skin quality.
Potential benefits generally include:
- Improved hydration.
- Softer, more supple skin.
- Improved skin texture.
- Reduced crepey appearance in certain areas.
- Gradual improvement in skin elasticity.
They are particularly popular in delicate areas where fillers may be excessive or inappropriate, including:
- The under-eye area.
- The neck.
- The décolletage.
- Areas of the face showing early signs of skin aging.
They are also frequently used to prepare the skin before other aesthetic treatments or as part of a broader skin rejuvenation plan.
What Should You Expect During Treatment?
A typical treatment course consists of two to three sessions spaced several weeks apart.
Before treatment, a numbing cream may be applied to improve comfort. The injections themselves typically take between 10 and 20 minutes, depending on the area being treated.
After treatment, it is normal to experience:
- Mild redness.
- Slight swelling.
- Small bruises.
- Temporary tenderness at the injection sites.
These effects usually resolve within a few days, and most people quickly return to their normal activities.
When Will You See Results?
It is important to understand that polynucleotides do not provide immediate results like some fillers.
Their effects rely on the gradual stimulation of the skin's natural repair mechanisms. Improvements therefore typically develop over several weeks following the start of treatment.
Results may then last for several months, often between six and nine months, depending on the individual's skin, treatment protocol, and personal characteristics.
Are Polynucleotides Safe?
Polynucleotides are generally considered well tolerated when administered by a qualified professional.
Because they do not create volume, they avoid some of the side effects associated with traditional dermal fillers. The most common reactions are temporary redness, swelling, and bruising.
An important contraindication is a known allergy to fish or fish-derived products. A medical consultation remains essential to assess your individual situation and determine whether this treatment is appropriate for you.
A Word About the Evidence
The available scientific evidence is encouraging.
Several clinical studies and real-world observations have reported improvements in skin quality, hydration, elasticity, and patient satisfaction following treatment.
However, polynucleotides remain a relatively new approach in aesthetic medicine. Some of the available evidence comes from small studies, and further research is ongoing to confirm certain long-term benefits.
A reputable clinic should therefore present polynucleotides as a promising treatment supported by growing scientific evidence, while avoiding guarantees or unrealistic expectations.
